The osteochondrosis is a condition in which an observed number of violations in the cartilage degenerative joint guidance of nature. The osteochondrosis can manifest itself in different joints, however, most often, osteochondrosis affects the discs of the spine. If one considers the place of location of the disease is the osteochondrosis can be divided into chest, neck, lumbar.
The osteochondrosis is a disease which becomes the cause of the appearance of pain in the back, about 80% of the cases. In the case of the complications of degenerative disc disease, herniations of the intervertebral discs pain sometimes occur in the head, limbs, other organs as well. The most common is considered the lumbar osteochondrosis, lead to pain in the legs. Many people complain about the manifestation of the degenerative disease of the cervical disc, which I suffer at the hands and the head. When the thoracic form of the disease, the pain occurs in the internal organs.
The causes of degenerative disc disease
The original cause of the emergence of osteochondrosis of the spine is considered to bipedalism human. There are many theories about the causes of osteochondrosis. Such, for example, are the genetic predisposition of the nature, the injuries, the violation of the processes of change in the body. The determination of the causes of the emergence of this disease is complicated by the fact that the disease manifests itself in people of different ages, of different physique and their level of development.
There is also the theory that the cause of the degenerative disc disease becomes in the deposition of salts in the spine. However, the experts assert that, to some extent, is the confusion. And it is correct analysis of the causes of the disease is the basis of an effective treatment for the disease.
The osteochondrosis of the nature of the disease is not inflammatory, and degenerative. In the process of development of the disease breaks down the power of the fabric, it degenerates in its structure. People who constantly have the physical assets of the cargo, are more resistant and elastic tissue of the bones. This is because the discs of the vertebral column of an adult's own vessels are not, therefore, oxygen and nutrients to the discs come from the tissues that are found near here. This process can be effective only in the case that activates the circulation of the blood, which is possible only in a constant process of intense work of the muscles.
Each intervertebral the unit is comprised of two parts. In the center of the disc is gelatinous the motor that makes the disk elastic, surrounded by its fibrous article of the ring. If the power supply of the intervertebral discs to be worse, then the structure of biopolymer connections can ruin it. Due to the reduction of the moisture content in the disc which becomes fragile. And if the spinal column is subjected to the overload, gelatinous nucleus is divided into fragments. As a result of its elasticity is greatly reduced. The fibers of the ring also lost its strength. These phenomena become the starting point for the manifestation of the man of the osteochondrosis.
In view of the manifestations and on the other hand, calcification of the changes in the vertebral column occurs calcification damaged disks, the ligaments, the capsules. This phenomenon of the last phase of the process of development of the disease.
Unfortunately, the reverse process after these changes in the vertebral column is almost impossible. Therefore, the main aim of treatment of osteochondrosis is to maintain the current state.
The main manifestation of the degenerative disc disease become more pronounced in people after they reach thirty-five of age. To the east, where the major turns in a person most of the manifestations of the disease it produces. However, lately, with complaints of back pain increasingly more young people are directed to the doctors.
Causes, so early emergence of the degenerative disc disease is, first of all, very little physical activity, posture problems, and also rife with inequalities, the spine, flat feet and obesity. Today, the main causes of degenerative disc disease, considered to be the following:
- the genetic predisposition of the nature;
- the problem with the types of processes, the poisoning, infection;
- the presence of excess weight, poor diet (low consumption of liquid by the deficiency of micronutrients);
- the presence of lesions of the spine, its curvature, poor posture, with feet flat;
- the existence of poor environmental conditions;
- sedentary life style;
- regular lifting of weight, working in uncomfortable positions for a long time, an activity in which the man repeats jerk movement, the rotation and the flexion of the trunk;
- too heavy physical loads, overload of the spine for the cause of the diseases of the feet, the drawbacks in the process of carrying the footwear, as well as the load during the pregnancy;
- the sudden cessation of the constant training of people who practice sport, the stress, the malicious smoking.
The symptoms of degenerative disc disease
People who suffer from osteochondrosis, in the first place, is manifest tangible to back pain. Sometimes these painful sensations are accompanied by feeling of numbness, as well as the sensations of the pains in the limbs. If the therapy of the degenerative disc disease does not start in the time, the man quickly lose weight, it occurs an atrophy of the extremities. When the physical exercises and loading, as well as in the process of lifting too heavy, in the process of sneezing and coughing, the pain may be more intense. The patient of osteochondrosis decreases the volume of the movements, occur spasms of the muscles.
Collar of the osteochondrosis is manifested due to the particular characteristics of the structure of the cervical spine. A cervical vertebrae are significantly smaller than the vertebrae of other divisions of the spinal column. In consequence, the osteochondrosis of cervical is manifested due to a constant load on the neck. The symptoms of the degenerative disease of the cervical disc are expressed in the following way: the pain is manifest in the arms, the neck, the shoulders may experience headaches. For this type of disease, is a characteristic of the syndrome of the vertebral artery. In the manifestation of this syndrome, the person feels the presence of the noise in the head, in front of the eyes flashing "point of view", dizzy. In the eyes stains can occur multicolored, in parallel to the person feels a strong pain in the head, pulsating in nature. The symptoms of degenerative disc disease, cervical sometimes reminiscent of the signs of angina, but the patient in the study did not observe a change in the heart.
To the sick of the osteochondrosis of breastfeeding and the division of the vertebral column, the patient feels pain in the chest. The pain can give in the area of the heart, as well as in other internal organs.
The sick of the osteochondrosis lumbar-part sacred of the spine feel pain in the lower back, which can be give in the feet, the sacrum, the organs of the pelvis. Them the affectation of the nerve roots, it alters the sensitivity, you can reduce reflections and manifest hypotension.
Diagnosis of degenerative disc disease
View diagnosis ofthe osteochondrosis" the specialist already established at the time of the initial evaluation of the patient. As a general rule, the inspection conducted by the medical neurologist. In general, the patient arrives to the reception of complaints of pain, as well as in the deformation or limitation of mobility.
The study of the vertebral column of the patient is performed in a standing position, lying or sitting, the doctor examines and in motion and at rest. In the review process, the mandatory health calls attention to the posture of the person, the characteristics of a physicist, especially of the spine, the relief of the muscles that are located here near the spine.
Thanks to the sensation of the vertebral column of the results of the examination of the patient, can supplement the information about if there is a deformation of the spinal column, which localized the pain, as well as to determine the degree of its intensity. In the process of the feeling is also defined in the measure of tenses the muscles near the spine, as the muscle tone that accompanies most illnesses and injuries. To determine the amplitude of the movements of different departments of the spine, is studying the possibility of bending..
In the diagnosis of degenerative disc disease is often used the ct scan, x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging. These methods allow you to discover what is the level of the defeat of the spine, to determine if there is hidden the pathology is and narrow down the diagnosis.
Thanks to a correct approach to diagnosis doctor you can determine what tactics of therapy to choose, so the result is more effective.
The treatment of osteochondrosis
The treatment of degenerative disease of the cervical disc, as well as other forms of the disease and its complications is carried out using conservative methods, whose aim is the elimination of pain, recovery of function, spinal roots, as well as for the prevention of calcification phenomena in the structures of the spine.
If all methods of conservative treatment does not bring due effect, and to this end, there is a particular indication, the patient is sometimes assigned to surgical methods for the treatment of osteochondrosis. The volume of the surgery is directly dependent of what so surprised by the vertebral column and are intensive symptoms of the disease.
The severity of the disease also depends on the duration of the therapy. As a general rule, the active phase of treatment with conservative methods concerned mainly around 1-3 months. After the surgery, the patient recovers for about a year. After the start of conservative treatment in many patients of the osteochondrosis is observed the amplification of painful sensations. This is expressed in the reaction of muscles and other entities in the treatment.
If the pain is too strong, it can be cut relatively quickly with the help of methods of physical therapy, medications, and the application of a complex of exercises especially designed for those suffering from the osteochondrosis. It is important to note that an important factor that influences the effectiveness of the treatment is the correction of the patient's behavior, their proper relation to the need to keep developed a method of treatment. To do this, it is important perseverance, the beach, patience and the desire to beat the disease. It has been shown that the more effective is the realization of a conservative treatment and the recovery after the operation in conditions of sanatoriums, as well as in medical centers that specialize in the treatment of this disease. If you have the necessary equipment, as well as qualified medical comprehensive treatment will be more effective and efficient.
In the complex therapy in the treatment of degenerative disc disease, cervical necessarily within therapeutic exercise, massage, physiotherapy, chiropractic, reflexology, the application of the drugs.
One of the most important methods of the exposure in the state of the locomotor system, human, it is the therapeutic exercise. The patient performs a certain amount of the exercises, in which, little by little, produces decompression of the nerve root, the correction of the corset muscle, increases the flexibility of the system ligament-the muscular device. Special exercises when osteochondrosis cervical also help to ensure that the effective prevention of the development of the disease. The main requirement is regularity in the execution of the exercises.
When you use the physical therapy occurs, the treatment of osteochondrosis with the help of the physical factors – the magnetic fields of the current of low frequency, ultrasound and others, This technique allows to reduce the rehabilitation period after the operation, as well as to reinforce the effects of different drugs.
With the help of massage can relieve muscle tension, improve blood flow, making that strengthens the overall impact.
For the lifting of the sudden painful sensations are used by the chiropractic. This technique also allows to correct the posture. The pain is also removed with the help of traction of the spinal column – the procedure performed in the special equipment. Reflexology is the impact of refleksogennie the areas of the human body, and allows you to significantly improve the impact of other methods.
During an acute exacerbation of the disease was applied the treatment with the drugs, with the help of which eliminates the inflammation, coupled with pain, is to activate processes of change. The medications are introduced intravenously or intramuscularly.
The more tangible the results of the treatment are observed with the use of multiple methods in the complex. However, in the treatment of degenerative disc disease, cervical and other forms of the disease of prescription, only the primary care physician.